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Critics Corner

The World of Maria Gaetana Agnesi, Mathematician of God

A biography stressing Agnesi's deep commitment to help those in need.
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A History of Abstract Algebra

A history of the various algebraic structures that came together to give us "abstract algebra" by early in the twentieth century.
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Problem from another time...

Arbelos

In Archimedes' Book of Lemmas (ca 250), he introduces a figure that, due to its shape, has historically been known as "the shoemaker's knife" or arbelos.
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Welcome to Convergence

We welcome you to this online magazine which provides a wealth of resources to help teach mathematics using its history. Please check back regularly, look at all the archived articles, and give us your comments and suggestions. Note that the site is best viewed through Internet Explorer. For Netscape users, please see the note under "About Convergence." The site is complimentary thanks to the National Science Foundation and The Mathematical Association of America.

Featured articles

Mathematics Education at West Point: The First Hundred Years

A survey of the mathematics education of cadets in the first century after the founding of the U.S. Military Academy.
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Leonardo da Vinci's Geometric Sketches

This is a collection of some plates that Leonardo da Vinci created to illustrate De divina proportione of Luca Pacioli.
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HPM Newsletter

The latest HPM Newsletter is now available here. Read it!
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What is 0^0?

The expression 0^0 is usually called an indeterminate form. This article details the history of the meaning of this expression and concludes that in some cases, we should evaluate this as 1.
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Apollonius's Ellipse and Evolute Revisited

Apollonius found how to draw normals to an ellipse from points in the ellipse by using hyperbolas. A modern version is presented here.
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Portrait Gallery

A portrait gallery of mathematicians, taken from various sources.
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Chinese square root algorithm Riemann zeta function MathDL homepage The Mathematical Association of America Augustin-Louis Cauchy (1789-1857)